As this Age Explainer article details, all cities have traffic congestion. But better public transport (and walking and cycling) helps people avoid it.
Read more: https://archive.md/Brgk4
The Age: A 2023 discussion paper from the Public Transport Users Association of Victoria, meanwhile, looked again at the problem of roads always filling to capacity. “If people shift from cars to public transport, the effect is the same as from building a new road: it frees up road capacity, so people respond by driving more. So to a large extent, the traffic shifted to public transport will just be replaced by new traffic.” It is theoretically possible, they say, “for public transport improvements to reduce road congestion, but it requires quite special conditions – in particular, a political willingness to continue investing in more public transport expansion as patronage grows, and not to be tempted to add lots of new road capacity at the same time”.
Bottom line, as the PTUA’s Daniel Bowen told us: “High-quality public transport may not completely remove traffic, but it helps most people avoid it while still getting to where they need to be.”
A train with a capacity of 1000+ people passes cars with a capacity of a few dozen people