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How should text-to-speech handle ruby annotations like furigana in Japanese or pinyin in Chinese so screen reader users get the intended experience?

We just published a new W3C draft note from the Internationalization Activity: Text-to-Speech Rendering of Electronic Documents Containing Ruby: User Requirements

This explores diverse reading strategies across writing systems and defines essential user needs.

https://www.w3.org/TR/ruby-tts-req/

#Internationalization #A11y

織田信長 features an upper-side ruby annotation "1534〜82" and a lower-side ruby annotation おだのぶなが

Text-to-Speech Rendering of Electronic Documents Containing Ruby: User Requirements

This document describes user requirements related to text-to-speech rendering of electronic documents containing ruby annotations. It examines the roles and practices of ruby in different writing systems and discusses the implications of various reading strategies for text-to-speech, without prescribing algorithms or implementation-specific behavior.

W3C Internationalization, i18n

@webi18n@w3c.social · 2 days ago

How should text-to-speech handle ruby annotations like furigana in Japanese or pinyin in Chinese so screen reader users get the intended experience?

We just published a new W3C draft note from the Internationalization Activity: Text-to-Speech Rendering of Electronic Documents Containing Ruby: User Requirements

This explores diverse reading strategies across writing systems and defines essential user needs.

https://www.w3.org/TR/ruby-tts-req/

#Internationalization #A11y

Text-to-Speech Rendering of Electronic Documents Containing Ruby: User Requirements

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World Wide Web Consortium

@w3c@w3c.social · 2 days ago

The Internationalization Working Group @webi18n has published the first draft of a Group Note titled "Text-to-Speech Rendering of Electronic Documents Containing Ruby: User Requirements". This document describes user requirements related to text-to-speech rendering of electronic documents containing ruby annotations.
#i18n #internationalization
https://www.w3.org/news/2026/group-note-draft-ruby-tts-req/

Double-sided ruby example 2
Figure 2 織田信長 features an upper-side ruby annotation "1534〜82" and a lower-side ruby annotation おだのぶなが — Double-sided ruby example 2 Figure 2 織田信長 features an upper-side ruby annotation "1534〜82" and a lower-side ruby annotation おだのぶなが

W3C

Group Note Draft: Text-to-Speech Rendering of Electronic Documents Containing Ruby: User Requirements

This document describes user requirements related to text-to-speech rendering of electronic documents containing ruby annotations.

World Wide Web Consortium

@w3c@w3c.social · 2 days ago

W3C

Group Note Draft: Text-to-Speech Rendering of Electronic Documents Containing Ruby: User Requirements

This document describes user requirements related to text-to-speech rendering of electronic documents containing ruby annotations.